Initialize a repository for writeup

templates/baposter-template/examples/graphtrack/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+ALL: poster_portrait.pdf poster_landscape.pdf
+
+%.pdf: %.tex Makefile
+	pdflatex --enable-write18 $< &&	pdflatex $< && pdflatex $<
+
+clean:
+	  rm -f *.aux	*.bbl	*.blg	*.log	poster.pdf 

templates/baposter-template/examples/graphtrack/poster_landscape.tex

@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+\documentclass[landscape,final,a0paper,fontscale=0.285]{baposter}
+
+\usepackage{calc}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{amssymb}
+\usepackage{relsize}
+\usepackage{multirow}
+\usepackage{rotating}
+\usepackage{bm}
+\usepackage{url}
+
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\usepackage{multicol}
+
+%\usepackage{times}
+%\usepackage{helvet}
+%\usepackage{bookman}
+\usepackage{palatino}
+
+\newcommand{\captionfont}{\footnotesize}
+
+\graphicspath{{images/}{../images/}}
+\usetikzlibrary{calc}
+
+\newcommand{\SET}[1]  {\ensuremath{\mathcal{#1}}}
+\newcommand{\MAT}[1]  {\ensuremath{\boldsymbol{#1}}}
+\newcommand{\VEC}[1]  {\ensuremath{\boldsymbol{#1}}}
+\newcommand{\Video}{\SET{V}}
+\newcommand{\video}{\VEC{f}}
+\newcommand{\track}{x}
+\newcommand{\Track}{\SET T}
+\newcommand{\LMs}{\SET L}
+\newcommand{\lm}{l}
+\newcommand{\PosE}{\SET P}
+\newcommand{\posE}{\VEC p}
+\newcommand{\negE}{\VEC n}
+\newcommand{\NegE}{\SET N}
+\newcommand{\Occluded}{\SET O}
+\newcommand{\occluded}{o}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%%% Some math symbols used in the text
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Multicol Settings
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\setlength{\columnsep}{1.5em}
+\setlength{\columnseprule}{0mm}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Save space in lists. Use this after the opening of the list
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\newcommand{\compresslist}{%
+\setlength{\itemsep}{1pt}%
+\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}%
+\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
+}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%% Begin of Document
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{document}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%% Here starts the poster
+%%%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% Format it to your taste with the options
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Define some colors
+
+%\definecolor{lightblue}{cmyk}{0.83,0.24,0,0.12}
+\definecolor{lightblue}{rgb}{0.145,0.6666,1}
+
+% Draw a video
+\newlength{\FSZ}
+\newcommand{\drawvideo}[3]{% [0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5]
+   \noindent\pgfmathsetlength{\FSZ}{\linewidth/#2}
+   \begin{tikzpicture}[outer sep=0pt,inner sep=0pt,x=\FSZ,y=\FSZ]
+   \draw[color=lightblue!50!black] (0,0) node[outer sep=0pt,inner sep=0pt,text width=\linewidth,minimum height=0] (video) {\noindent#3};
+   \path [fill=lightblue!50!black,line width=0pt] 
+     (video.north west) rectangle ([yshift=\FSZ] video.north east) 
+    \foreach \x in {1,2,...,#2} {
+      {[rounded corners=0.6] ($(video.north west)+(-0.7,0.8)+(\x,0)$) rectangle +(0.4,-0.6)}
+    }
+;
+   \path [fill=lightblue!50!black,line width=0pt] 
+     ([yshift=-1\FSZ] video.south west) rectangle (video.south east) 
+    \foreach \x in {1,2,...,#2} {
+      {[rounded corners=0.6] ($(video.south west)+(-0.7,-0.2)+(\x,0)$) rectangle +(0.4,-0.6)}
+    }
+;
+   \foreach \x in {1,...,#1} {
+     \draw[color=lightblue!50!black] ([xshift=\x\linewidth/#1] video.north west) -- ([xshift=\x\linewidth/#1] video.south west);
+   }
+   \foreach \x in {0,#1} {
+     \draw[color=lightblue!50!black] ([xshift=\x\linewidth/#1,yshift=1\FSZ] video.north west) -- ([xshift=\x\linewidth/#1,yshift=-1\FSZ] video.south west);
+   }
+   \end{tikzpicture}
+}
+
+\hyphenation{resolution occlusions}
+%%
+\begin{poster}%
+  % Poster Options
+  {
+  % Show grid to help with alignment
+  grid=false,
+  % Column spacing
+  colspacing=1em,
+  % Color style
+  bgColorOne=white,
+  bgColorTwo=white,
+  borderColor=lightblue,
+  headerColorOne=black,
+  headerColorTwo=lightblue,
+  headerFontColor=white,
+  boxColorOne=white,
+  boxColorTwo=lightblue,
+  % Format of textbox
+  textborder=roundedleft,
+  % Format of text header
+  eyecatcher=true,
+  headerborder=closed,
+  headerheight=0.1\textheight,
+%  textfont=\sc, An example of changing the text font
+  headershape=roundedright,
+  headershade=shadelr,
+  headerfont=\Large\bf\textsc, %Sans Serif
+  textfont={\setlength{\parindent}{1.5em}},
+  boxshade=plain,
+%  background=shade-tb,
+  background=plain,
+  linewidth=2pt
+  }
+  % Eye Catcher
+  {\includegraphics[height=5em]{images/graph_occluded.pdf}} 
+  % Title
+  {\bf\textsc{GraphTrack: Fast and Globally Optimal Tracking in Videos}\vspace{0.5em}}
+  % Authors
+  {\textsc{\{ Brian.Amberg and Thomas.Vetter \}@unibas.ch}}
+  % University logo
+  {% The makebox allows the title to flow into the logo, this is a hack because of the L shaped logo.
+    \includegraphics[height=9.0em]{images/logo}
+  }
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%% Now define the boxes that make up the poster
+%%%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% Each box has a name and can be placed absolutely or relatively.
+%%% The only inconvenience is that you can only specify a relative position 
+%%% towards an already declared box. So if you have a box attached to the 
+%%% bottom, one to the top and a third one which should be in between, you 
+%%% have to specify the top and bottom boxes before you specify the middle 
+%%% box.
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+    %
+    % A coloured circle useful as a bullet with an adjustably strong filling
+    \newcommand{\colouredcircle}{%
+      \tikz{\useasboundingbox (-0.2em,-0.32em) rectangle(0.2em,0.32em); \draw[draw=black,fill=lightblue,line width=0.03em] (0,0) circle(0.18em);}}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{Problem}{name=problem,column=0,row=0}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+   Special effects in movies require tracks of features through scenes. Tracks are found in
+   an interactive process. The artist marks a position, and the computer
+   proposes a track which is then further refined by the artist.
+
+   This is a difficult problem due to three aspects. 
+   \begin{enumerate}\compresslist
+      \item Appearance changes due to lighting and pose
+      \item Occlusions
+      \item Speed: Interactive editing requires faster than framerate calculation
+   \end{enumerate}
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+ }
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{Contributions}{name=contribution,column=1,row=0,bottomaligned=problem}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+   We formulated tracking as path search in a large graph, and solve it
+   efficiently with a modificiation of Dijkstra's algorithm.  
+
+   The method is based on \cite{awf:tracking}. Our main contributions are
+   \begin{enumerate}\compresslist
+   \item Efficient incorporation of a background appearance model
+   \item Formulation as a shortest path problem
+   \item (Correct) handling of occlusions
+   \item High-Efficiency implementation with up to 150 fps for a high
+   resolution video
+   \end{enumerate}
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+  }
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\headerbox{Results}{name=results,column=2,span=2,row=0}{
+  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+    \drawvideo{5}{40}{%
+      \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{red-4-sec_000_rastered}%
+        \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{red-4-sec_024_rastered}%
+        \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{red-4-sec_048_rastered}%
+        \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{red-4-sec_072_rastered}%
+        \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{red-4-sec_095_rastered}%
+    }
+  \begin{tabular*}{\linewidth}{*{5}{@{}p{0.2\linewidth}@{}}}
+    {\hfill{}Frame 0\hfill{}} & {\hfill{}24\hfill{}} &  {\hfill{}48\hfill{}} &  {\hfill{}72\hfill{}} & {\hfill{}95\hfill{}}
+  \end{tabular*}
+  \\[1em]
+      \drawvideo{5}{40}{%
+        \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{giraffe-run-000-rastered}%
+          \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{giraffe-run-100-rastered}%
+          \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{giraffe-run-200-rastered}%
+          \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{giraffe-run-300-rastered}%
+          \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{giraffe-run-458-rastered}%
+      }
+  \begin{tabular*}{\linewidth}{*{5}{@{}p{0.2\linewidth}@{}}}
+    {\hfill{}Frame 0\hfill{}}  &
+    {\hfill{}100\hfill{}} &
+    {\hfill{}200\hfill{}} &
+    {\hfill{}300\hfill{}} &
+    {\hfill{}458\hfill{}} 
+  \end{tabular*}
+      \begin{multicols}{2}
+    Between one and three user clicks were needed to achieve accurate tracking for
+      the head sequence. Note the correct handling of the occluded ear, which
+      required only a single click. 
+
+      The eye of the running giraffe required eight user interactions, of which three
+      marked occlusions. 
+      \end{multicols}
+      \vspace{-0.6em}
+}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{References}{name=references,column=0,above=bottom}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+    \smaller
+    \bibliographystyle{ieee}
+    \renewcommand{\section}[2]{\vskip 0.05em}
+      \begin{thebibliography}{1}\itemsep=-0.01em
+      \setlength{\baselineskip}{0.4em}
+      \bibitem{amberg11:graphtrack}
+        B.~Amberg, T. Vetter.
+        \newblock {GraphTrack}: {F}ast and {G}lobally {O}ptimal {T}racking in {V}ideos
+        \newblock In {\em CVPR '11}
+      \bibitem{awf:tracking}
+        A.~Buchanan and A.~Fitzgibbon.
+        \newblock {I}nteractive {F}eature {T}racking using {K-D} {T}rees and {D}ynamic {P}rogramming.
+        \newblock In {\em CVPR '06}
+      \end{thebibliography}
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+  }
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{A Future Direction}{name=questions,column=1,span=2,aligned=references,above=bottom}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \begin{multicols}{2}
+    We incorporated a background model, where a click informs us not only that `this is how the
+    patch looks like', but also for the rest of the frame, `this is how the patch
+    does not look like'. 
+    
+    Can we also \emph{efficiently} use a background tracks model, allowing us
+    to reason, `this would be a good track, but part of it can be better
+    explained by tracking another point'.
+  \end{multicols}
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+  }
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{Source Code}{name=references,column=3,aligned=references,above=bottom}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  The source code and compiled executables with an interactive interface are available at \\
+  \url{http://www.cs.unibas.ch/personen/amberg_brian/graphtrack}
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+  }
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\headerbox{Speed}{name=speed,column=2,span=2,row=0,below=results,above=references}{
+  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+    \begin{multicols}{2}
+\newcommand{\basiswidth}{0.22}
+\newcommand{\basisskip}{0.04} % (1-4*\basiswidth)/3
+\newcommand{\imagegrid}[1]{
+\begin{tabular}{@{}
+  c@{\hspace{\basisskip\linewidth}}%
+  c@{\hspace{\basisskip\linewidth}}%
+  c@{\hspace{\basisskip\linewidth}}%
+  c@{}}
+  %
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-01} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-02} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-03} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-04} \\
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-05} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-06} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-07} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-08} \\
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-09} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-10} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-11} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-12} \\
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-13} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-14} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-15} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-16} 
+\end{tabular}
+}
+\noindent\begin{tabular}{@{}ccc@{}}
+\begin{minipage}{0.3\linewidth}
+  \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{basis-giraffe-example-frame}\\[1em]
+\end{minipage}&
+\begin{minipage}{0.3\linewidth}
+  \imagegrid{basis-giraffe-basis}
+\end{minipage}&
+\begin{minipage}{0.3\linewidth}
+  \imagegrid{basis-giraffe-response}
+\end{minipage}\\
+\smaller Image &\smaller  Filter Bank &\smaller  Response
+\end{tabular}\\[1em]
+\indent{}Speed is achieved by preprocessing the video with an adaptive filter
+bank as in~\cite{awf:tracking}. Preprocessing was sped up significantly, but is
+still slower than realtime.
+
+This encodes the video into 16 byte per pixel feature vectors. We implemented
+an efficient search for similar patches using the SIMD hardware of modern
+processors, and only evaluate the cost on these candidate patches. (Typically
+200 patches per frame). Candidate search and reasoning are highly efficient
+resulting in an interactive system.
+
+Note that the preprocessing is not specific to the interestpoints tracked
+later. A single preprocessed video can therefore be used in many annotation
+sessions.
+\end{multicols}
+   \vspace{0.0em}
+  }
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{Method}{name=method,column=0,below=problem,bottomaligned=speed}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \noindent{\centering\includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]{images/graph_occluded.pdf}\\}
+  \indent The cost is interpreted as a directed acyclic graph
+  with weights on the nodes and edges. The nodes encode candidate positions,
+  and the edges the transition costs between candidates. Additional edges
+  (dashed) allow occlusion transitions which skip frames.
+
+  The optimal track is found with a modification of Dijkstra's shortest path
+  search. The search was speed up by lower bounding the cost, and lazily
+  evaluating the accurate cost only where necessary to find the global optimum.
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+  }
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{Background Model}{name=background model,column=1,below=problem,bottomaligned=speed}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\noindent\begin{tabular}{r@{\hspace{0.3em}}c@{\hspace{1.5em}}c@{}}
+& With & Without\\
+& background model & background model\\
+\begin{sideways}{\makebox[0.37\linewidth][c]{Ridge of the lips}}\end{sideways} &
+\includegraphics[width=0.40\linewidth]{candidates_lips_ridge_left_bg} &
+\includegraphics[width=0.40\linewidth]{candidates_lips_ridge_left_no_bg} \\[2em]
+%\begin{sideways}{\makebox[0.32\linewidth][c]{Flank of a giraffe}}\end{sideways} & 
+%\includegraphics[width=0.40\linewidth]{candidates_giraffes_flank_bg}&
+%\includegraphics[width=0.40\linewidth]{candidates_giraffes_flank_no_bg}\\
+\end{tabular}
+  \indent We incorporate a background model, such that a click tells us not only `this
+  is how the landmark looks like', but also `this is how the landmark
+  does \emph{not} look like' for all other patches in that frame.
+
+  The figure contrasts the per frame evidence for each candidate patch with and
+  without a background model. Using the background model makes the correct
+  patch probable enough, that it is chosen. But note that global reasoning over
+  the entire path is still necessary, as the correct patch is not the most
+  probable patch in this frame.
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+  }
+
+\end{poster}
+
+\end{document}

templates/baposter-template/examples/graphtrack/poster_portrait.tex

@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+\documentclass[portrait,final,a0paper,fontscale=0.277]{baposter}
+
+\usepackage{calc}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{amssymb}
+\usepackage{relsize}
+\usepackage{multirow}
+\usepackage{rotating}
+\usepackage{bm}
+\usepackage{url}
+
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\usepackage{multicol}
+
+%\usepackage{times}
+%\usepackage{helvet}
+%\usepackage{bookman}
+\usepackage{palatino}
+
+\newcommand{\captionfont}{\footnotesize}
+
+\graphicspath{{images/}{../images/}}
+\usetikzlibrary{calc}
+
+\newcommand{\SET}[1]  {\ensuremath{\mathcal{#1}}}
+\newcommand{\MAT}[1]  {\ensuremath{\boldsymbol{#1}}}
+\newcommand{\VEC}[1]  {\ensuremath{\boldsymbol{#1}}}
+\newcommand{\Video}{\SET{V}}
+\newcommand{\video}{\VEC{f}}
+\newcommand{\track}{x}
+\newcommand{\Track}{\SET T}
+\newcommand{\LMs}{\SET L}
+\newcommand{\lm}{l}
+\newcommand{\PosE}{\SET P}
+\newcommand{\posE}{\VEC p}
+\newcommand{\negE}{\VEC n}
+\newcommand{\NegE}{\SET N}
+\newcommand{\Occluded}{\SET O}
+\newcommand{\occluded}{o}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%%% Some math symbols used in the text
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Multicol Settings
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\setlength{\columnsep}{1.5em}
+\setlength{\columnseprule}{0mm}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Save space in lists. Use this after the opening of the list
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\newcommand{\compresslist}{%
+\setlength{\itemsep}{1pt}%
+\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}%
+\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
+}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%% Begin of Document
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{document}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%% Here starts the poster
+%%%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% Format it to your taste with the options
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Define some colors
+
+%\definecolor{lightblue}{cmyk}{0.83,0.24,0,0.12}
+\definecolor{lightblue}{rgb}{0.145,0.6666,1}
+
+% Draw a video
+\newlength{\FSZ}
+\newcommand{\drawvideo}[3]{% [0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5]
+   \noindent\pgfmathsetlength{\FSZ}{\linewidth/#2}
+   \begin{tikzpicture}[outer sep=0pt,inner sep=0pt,x=\FSZ,y=\FSZ]
+   \draw[color=lightblue!50!black] (0,0) node[outer sep=0pt,inner sep=0pt,text width=\linewidth,minimum height=0] (video) {\noindent#3};
+   \path [fill=lightblue!50!black,line width=0pt] 
+     (video.north west) rectangle ([yshift=\FSZ] video.north east) 
+    \foreach \x in {1,2,...,#2} {
+      {[rounded corners=0.6] ($(video.north west)+(-0.7,0.8)+(\x,0)$) rectangle +(0.4,-0.6)}
+    }
+;
+   \path [fill=lightblue!50!black,line width=0pt] 
+     ([yshift=-1\FSZ] video.south west) rectangle (video.south east) 
+    \foreach \x in {1,2,...,#2} {
+      {[rounded corners=0.6] ($(video.south west)+(-0.7,-0.2)+(\x,0)$) rectangle +(0.4,-0.6)}
+    }
+;
+   \foreach \x in {1,...,#1} {
+     \draw[color=lightblue!50!black] ([xshift=\x\linewidth/#1] video.north west) -- ([xshift=\x\linewidth/#1] video.south west);
+   }
+   \foreach \x in {0,#1} {
+     \draw[color=lightblue!50!black] ([xshift=\x\linewidth/#1,yshift=1\FSZ] video.north west) -- ([xshift=\x\linewidth/#1,yshift=-1\FSZ] video.south west);
+   }
+   \end{tikzpicture}
+}
+
+\hyphenation{resolution occlusions}
+%%
+\begin{poster}%
+  % Poster Options
+  {
+  % Show grid to help with alignment
+  grid=false,
+  % Column spacing
+  colspacing=1em,
+  % Color style
+  bgColorOne=white,
+  bgColorTwo=white,
+  borderColor=lightblue,
+  headerColorOne=black,
+  headerColorTwo=lightblue,
+  headerFontColor=white,
+  boxColorOne=white,
+  boxColorTwo=lightblue,
+  % Format of textbox
+  textborder=roundedleft,
+  % Format of text header
+  eyecatcher=true,
+  headerborder=closed,
+  headerheight=0.1\textheight,
+%  textfont=\sc, An example of changing the text font
+  headershape=roundedright,
+  headershade=shadelr,
+  headerfont=\Large\bf\textsc, %Sans Serif
+  textfont={\setlength{\parindent}{1.5em}},
+  boxshade=plain,
+%  background=shade-tb,
+  background=plain,
+  linewidth=2pt
+  }
+  % Eye Catcher
+  {\includegraphics[height=5em]{images/graph_occluded.pdf}} 
+  % Title
+  {\bf\textsc{GraphTrack: Fast and Globally Optimal Tracking in Videos}\vspace{0.5em}}
+  % Authors
+  {\textsc{\{ Brian.Amberg and Thomas.Vetter \}@unibas.ch}}
+  % University logo
+  {% The makebox allows the title to flow into the logo, this is a hack because of the L shaped logo.
+    \includegraphics[height=9.0em]{images/logo}
+  }
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%% Now define the boxes that make up the poster
+%%%---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% Each box has a name and can be placed absolutely or relatively.
+%%% The only inconvenience is that you can only specify a relative position 
+%%% towards an already declared box. So if you have a box attached to the 
+%%% bottom, one to the top and a third one which should be in between, you 
+%%% have to specify the top and bottom boxes before you specify the middle 
+%%% box.
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+    %
+    % A coloured circle useful as a bullet with an adjustably strong filling
+    \newcommand{\colouredcircle}{%
+      \tikz{\useasboundingbox (-0.2em,-0.32em) rectangle(0.2em,0.32em); \draw[draw=black,fill=lightblue,line width=0.03em] (0,0) circle(0.18em);}}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{Problem}{name=problem,column=0,row=0}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+   Tracks of features through scenes are needed for data analysis, as well as
+   for movie special effects. Tracks are found in an interactive process. The
+     artist marks a position, and the computer proposes a track which is then
+     further refined by the artist.
+
+   This is a difficult problem due to three aspects. 
+   \begin{enumerate}\compresslist
+      \item Appearance changes due to lighting and pose
+      \item Occlusions
+      \item Speed: Interactive editing requires faster than framerate calculation
+   \end{enumerate}
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+ }
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{Contributions}{name=contribution,column=0,below=problem}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+   We formulated tracking as path search in a large graph, and solve it
+   efficiently with a modificiation of Dijkstra's algorithm.  
+
+   The method is based on \cite{awf:tracking}. Our main contributions are
+   \begin{enumerate}\compresslist
+   \item Efficient incorporation of a background appearance model
+   \item Formulation as a shortest path problem
+   \item (Correct) handling of occlusions
+   \item High-Efficiency implementation with up to 150 fps for a high
+   resolution video
+   \end{enumerate}
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+  }
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\headerbox{Results}{name=results,column=1,span=2,row=0}{
+  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+    \drawvideo{5}{40}{%
+      \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{red-4-sec_000_rastered}%
+        \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{red-4-sec_024_rastered}%
+        \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{red-4-sec_048_rastered}%
+        \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{red-4-sec_072_rastered}%
+        \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{red-4-sec_095_rastered}%
+    }
+  \begin{tabular*}{\linewidth}{*{5}{@{}p{0.2\linewidth}@{}}}
+    {\hfill{}Frame 0\hfill{}} & {\hfill{}24\hfill{}} &  {\hfill{}48\hfill{}} &  {\hfill{}72\hfill{}} & {\hfill{}95\hfill{}}
+  \end{tabular*}
+  \\[1em]
+      \drawvideo{5}{40}{%
+        \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{giraffe-run-000-rastered}%
+          \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{giraffe-run-100-rastered}%
+          \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{giraffe-run-200-rastered}%
+          \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{giraffe-run-300-rastered}%
+          \includegraphics[width=0.2\linewidth]{giraffe-run-458-rastered}%
+      }
+  \begin{tabular*}{\linewidth}{*{5}{@{}p{0.2\linewidth}@{}}}
+    {\hfill{}Frame 0\hfill{}}  &
+    {\hfill{}100\hfill{}} &
+    {\hfill{}200\hfill{}} &
+    {\hfill{}300\hfill{}} &
+    {\hfill{}458\hfill{}} 
+  \end{tabular*}
+      \begin{multicols}{2}
+    Between one and three user clicks were needed to achieve accurate tracking for
+      the head sequence. Note the correct handling of the occluded ear, which
+      required only a single click. 
+
+      The eye of the running giraffe required eight user interactions, of which three
+      marked occlusions. 
+      \end{multicols}
+      \vspace{-0.6em}
+}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{References}{name=references,column=0,above=bottom}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+    \smaller
+    \bibliographystyle{ieee}
+    \renewcommand{\section}[2]{\vskip 0.05em}
+      \begin{thebibliography}{1}\itemsep=-0.01em
+      \setlength{\baselineskip}{0.4em}
+      \bibitem{amberg11:graphtrack}
+        B.~Amberg, T. Vetter.
+        \newblock {GraphTrack}: {F}ast and {G}lobally {O}ptimal {T}racking in {V}ideos
+        \newblock In {\em CVPR '11}
+      \bibitem{awf:tracking}
+        A.~Buchanan and A.~Fitzgibbon.
+        \newblock {I}nteractive {F}eature {T}racking using {K-D} {T}rees and {D}ynamic {P}rogramming.
+        \newblock In {\em CVPR '06}
+      \end{thebibliography}
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+  }
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{Background Model}{name=background model,column=1,below=results}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\noindent\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{0.0em}}c@{\hspace{1.5em}}c@{\hspace{0.0em}}}
+With & Without\\
+background model & background model\\
+\includegraphics[width=0.46\linewidth]{candidates_lips_ridge_left_bg} &
+\includegraphics[width=0.46\linewidth]{candidates_lips_ridge_left_no_bg} \\[2em]
+%\begin{sideways}{\makebox[0.32\linewidth][c]{Flank of a giraffe}}\end{sideways} & 
+%\includegraphics[width=0.40\linewidth]{candidates_giraffes_flank_bg}&
+%\includegraphics[width=0.40\linewidth]{candidates_giraffes_flank_no_bg}\\
+\end{tabular}
+  \indent We incorporate a background model, such that a click tells us not only `this
+  is how the landmark looks like', but also `this is how the landmark
+  does \emph{not} look like' for all other patches in that frame.
+
+  The figure contrasts the per frame evidence for each candidate patch with and
+  without a background model. Using the background model makes the correct
+  patch probable enough, that it is chosen. But note that global reasoning over
+  the entire path is still necessary, as the correct patch is not the most
+  probable patch in this frame.
+
+  The background model is essential for a good user experience, as it avoids
+  learning an overly broad apperance model when marking up difficult frames.
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+  }
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\headerbox{Speed}{name=speed,column=2,row=0,below=results,bottomaligned=background model}{
+  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\newcommand{\basiswidth}{0.22}
+\newcommand{\basisskip}{0.04} % (1-4*\basiswidth)/3
+\newcommand{\imagegrid}[1]{
+\begin{tabular}{@{}
+  c@{\hspace{\basisskip\linewidth}}%
+  c@{\hspace{\basisskip\linewidth}}%
+  c@{\hspace{\basisskip\linewidth}}%
+  c@{}}
+  %
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-01} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-02} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-03} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-04} \\
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-05} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-06} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-07} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-08} \\
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-09} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-10} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-11} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-12} \\
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-13} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-14} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-15} &
+\includegraphics[width=\basiswidth\linewidth,height=\basiswidth\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{#1-16} 
+\end{tabular}
+}
+\noindent\begin{tabular}{@{}c@{\hspace{0.5em}}c@{\hspace{0.5em}}c@{}}
+\begin{minipage}{0.3\linewidth}
+  \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{basis-giraffe-example-frame}\\[1em]
+\end{minipage}&
+\begin{minipage}{0.3\linewidth}
+  \imagegrid{basis-giraffe-basis}
+\end{minipage}&
+\begin{minipage}{0.3\linewidth}
+  \imagegrid{basis-giraffe-response}
+\end{minipage}\\
+\smaller Image &\smaller  Filter Bank &\smaller  Response
+\end{tabular}\\[1em]
+\indent{}Speed is achieved by preprocessing the video with an adaptive filter
+bank as in~\cite{awf:tracking}. Preprocessing was sped up significantly, but is
+still slower than realtime.
+
+This encodes the video into 16 byte per pixel feature vectors. We implemented
+an efficient search for similar patches using the SIMD hardware of modern
+processors, and only evaluate the cost on these candidate patches. (Typically
+200 patches per frame). The Graph-Structure focuses the evaluations on the most
+important areas, and makes candidate search and reasoning highly efficient,
+such that the system runs at interactive speed.
+
+Note that the preprocessing is not specific to the interestpoints tracked
+later. A single preprocessed video can therefore be used in many annotation
+sessions.
+   \vspace{0.0em}
+  }
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{Source Code}{name=source,column=2,below=speed,above=bottom}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \noindent
+  \begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
+  \begin{minipage}{0.7\linewidth}
+    \indent{}The source code and compiled executables with an interactive interface are available at \\
+  \end{minipage}\hfill%
+  \begin{minipage}{0.28\linewidth}
+  \hfill\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{chart}
+  \end{minipage}
+  \end{minipage}
+  \url{http://www.cs.unibas.ch/personen/amberg_brian/graphtrack}
+  }
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{A Future Direction}{name=questions,column=1,span=1,below=background model,above=bottom}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+    We incorporated a background model, where a click informs us not only that `this is how the
+    patch looks like', but also for the rest of the frame, `this is how the patch
+    does not look like'. 
+    
+    Can we also \emph{efficiently} use a background tracks model, allowing us
+    to reason, `this would be a good track, but part of it can be better
+    explained by tracking another point'.
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+  }
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \headerbox{Method}{name=method,column=0,below=contribution,above=references}{
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \noindent{\centering\includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]{images/graph_occluded.pdf}\\}
+  \indent The cost is interpreted as a directed acyclic graph
+  with weights on the nodes and edges. The nodes encode candidate positions,
+  and the edges the transition costs between candidates. Additional edges
+  (dashed) allow occlusion transitions which skip frames.
+
+  The optimal track is found with a modification of Dijkstra's shortest path
+  search. The search was speed up by lower bounding the cost, and lazily
+  evaluating the accurate cost only where necessary to find the global optimum.
+   \vspace{0.3em}
+  }
+
+\end{poster}
+
+\end{document}
+