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*.bak
*.sav

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DOC=fpcp2019
INPUT=$(DOC).tex
TARGET=$(DOC).pdf
TEX=pdflatex -shell-escape
default: $(TARGET)
$(TARGET): $(INPUT) Makefile
$(TEX) $< && $(TEX) $<
clean:
rm -f $(DOC).{pdf,out,aux,log}
rm -f *.{out,aux,log,bbl,blg}

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\documentclass[twocolumn,twoside]{revtex4}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % clear all fields
\fancyhead[C]{\it {
Flavor Physics and CP Violation Conference, Victoria BC, 2019
}} \fancyhead[RO,LE]{\thepage}
\fancyfoot{} % clear all fields
\fancyfoot[LE,LO]{}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt}
\renewcommand{\sfdefault}{phv}
\setlength{\textheight}{235mm}
\setlength{\textwidth}{170mm}
\setlength{\topmargin}{-20mm}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage[noabbrev, capitalize]{cleveref} % hyperref must be loaded first
\usepackage[
detect-weight=true,
per=slash,
detect-family=true,
separate-uncertainty=true]{siunitx}
\bibliographystyle{apsrev}
% ************* Make changes after here ***************
\fancyfoot[LE,LO]{\bf MonB1010}
\begin{document}
%Title of paper
\title{Measurements of the muon anomalous magnetic moment}
\author{Nam H. Tran\\
on behalf of the Muon $g-2$ Experiment at Fermilab}
\affiliation{Boston University, Boston, MA, US 02215}
%
\begin{abstract}
The over 3-sigma discrepancy between the latest experimental and theoretical
values of the anomalous magnetic of the muon has been one of the best
hints of new physics beyond the Standard Model. Ongoing efforts
to settle the issue from the experimental side are happening at Fermilab and
J-PARC. The E989 at Fermilab is using the same key technologies as the last
experiment at BNL (E821), but with great improvement in accuracy. The first
physics data has been taken, and data analysis is going to be finalized soon.
The E34 at J-PARC adopts a novel approach, is
well advanced in R\&D, and recently received Stage-2 Approval. The
experimental principles, techniques, and prospects of these measurements are
presented.
\end{abstract}
%\maketitle must follow title, authors, abstract
\maketitle
\thispagestyle{fancy}
% body of paper here - Use proper section commands
% References should be done using the \cite, \ref, and \label commands
% Put \label in argument of \section for cross-referencing
%\section{\label{}}
\section{Introduction}
The magnetic dipole moment, $\vec{\mu}$, of an elementary particle can be
expressed in terms of its spin, $\vec{S}$, as:
\begin{equation}
\vec{\mu} = g\frac{q}{2m}\vec{S},
\end{equation}
where $q$ and $m$ are charge and mass of the particle respectively. The
dimensionless gyromagnetic ratio $g$ for a spin 1/2, structureless particle can
be calculated from Dirac equation to be exactly 2. Measured values of $g$ is
slightly different from 2, this anomaly $a$ is defined as:
\begin{equation}
a = \frac{g - 2}{2}.
\end{equation}
The Standard Model (SM) provides very precise predictions of the anomaly of the
muon, $a_\mu$, at sub-part-per-million level. Experimentally,
there has been a series of measurements with increasing accuracy at CERN and
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The last measurement, the E821 at BNL,
was done with an uncertainty of 540 part-per-billion (ppb)~\cite{BNL2006}, and
showed a 3.7 standard deviation from the SM
prediction by Keshavarzi and colleagues~\cite{Alex2018}. This discrepancy
motivates new and better measurements of $a_\mu$, two of such experiments are:
\begin{itemize}
\item E989 at Fermilab: this is the successor of the E821 experiment,
inheriting the muon storage ring, general experimental techniques, as well
as analysis methods. The E989 will improve the precision by four times
by collecting 20 times more data, and reducing systematic uncertainties.
\item E34 at Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC): a completely
new experiments with novel approaches, aiming for a measurement with
comparable accuracy compares to that of the BNL experiment. It will be an
important cross check of results from E821 and E989.
\end{itemize}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{Principle of measurements}
When a muon is injected perpendicularly into a uniform dipole magnetic field,
$\vec{B}$, it will move in a circle with the cyclotron frequency:
\begin{equation}
\vec{\omega}_c = -\frac{e}{\gamma m_\mu}\vec{B},
\label{eq:omega}_c
\end{equation}
where $\gamma$ is the Lorentz factor.
Assuming spin of the muon is also perpendicular to the magnetic field, the spin
will precess with a fixed frequency:
\begin{equation}
\vec{\omega}_s = -g_\mu \frac{e}{2m_\mu}\vec{B} -
(1-\gamma)\frac{e}{\gamma m_\mu}\vec{B}.
\label{eq:omega_s}
\end{equation}
The difference between $\vec{\omega}_c$ and $\vec{\omega}_s$:
% \begin{align}
% \vec{\omega}_a &= \vec{\omega}_s - \vec{\omega}_c \\
% &= -\frac{g-2}{2}\frac{e}{m_\mu} \vec{B} \\
% &= -a_\mu \frac{e}{m_\mu}\vec{B}.
% \end{align}
\begin{equation}
\vec{\omega}_a = \vec{\omega}_s - \vec{\omega}_c = -a_\mu \frac{e}{m_\mu}\vec{B}.
\label{eq:omega_a0}
\end{equation}
The magnetic field strength in~\cref{eq:omega_a0} can be measured most
precisely using NMR technique using a sample with high hydrogen content.
Introducing the Larmor precession frequency of the proton in the magnetic
field, $\omega_p$, the proton magnetic moment, $\mu_p$, the electron
$g$-factor, $g_e$, the electron mass, $m_e$, and the electron magnetic moment,
$\mu_e$, the~\cref{eq:omega_a0} can be rearranged into the form:
\begin{equation}
a_\mu = \frac{g_e}{2} \frac{\omega_a}{\omega_p} \frac{m_\mu}{m_e} \frac{\mu_p}{\mu_e}.
\label{eq:omega_a1}
\end{equation}
The ratio $\omega_a/\omega_p$ is experimentally measured in the muon $g$-2
experiments, while other quantities $g_e/2$, $m_\mu/m_e$, and $\mu_p/\mu_e$ are
known to 0.26 part-per-trillion, 22 ppb, and 3 ppb,
respectively~\cite{codata}.
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{The E989 experiment at Fermilab}
%% TODO: this paragraph is from James Tau 2016, need paraphrasing
The Muon $g − 2$ experiment at Fermilab aims to measure the anomalous magnetic
moment of the muon to a precision of 140 ppb, reducing the experimental
uncertainty by a factor of 4 compared to the previous measurement at E821
The measurement technique adopts the storage ring concept used for
E821, with magic-momentum muons stored in a highly uniform 1.45 T magnetic
dipole field. The spin precession frequency is extracted from an analysis of
the modulation of the rate of higher-energy positrons from muon decays,
detected by 24 calorimeters and 3 straw tracking detectors. Compared to the
E821 experiment, muon beam preparation, storage ring internal hardware, field
measuring equipment, and detector and electronics systems are all new or
significantly upgraded.
\subsection{Magnetic field}
\subsection{Muon beam line}
\subsection{Detector systems}
\subsection{Status}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{The E34 experiment at J-PARC}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{Summary}
% If you have acknowledgments, this puts in the proper section head.
%\bigskip % extra skip inserted
\begin{acknowledgments}
This work was supported in part by the US DOE, Fermilab.
\end{acknowledgments}
\bigskip % extra skip inserted
% Create the reference section using BibTeX:
%\bibliography{basename of .bib file}
\begin{thebibliography}{9} % Use for 1-9 references
%\begin{thebibliography}{99} % Use for 10-99 references
\bibitem{Alex2018} A. Keshavarzi{\em et al.}, Phys.~Rev.~D 97, 114025 (2018).
\bibitem{BNL2006} G.W. Bennet{\em et al.}, Phys.~Rev.~D 73, 072003 (2006).
\bibitem{codata} Mohr, Peter J. and Newell, David B. and Taylor, Barry N., Rev.~Mod.~Phys.~88, 035009 (2016).
\end{thebibliography}
\end{document}
%
% ****** End of file template.aps ******

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% ************* Make changes after \begin{document} ***************
%
% 02 May 2019: original template is from
% http://www.slac.stanford.edu/econf/editors/eprint-template/instructions.html
% Modified for FPCP 2006 by Asoka de Silva (TRIUMF)
% Further modified for FPCP 2019 by Bob Kowalewski (U. Victoria)
%
%% ****** Start of file slactemplate.tex ****** %
%%
%%
%% This file is part of the APS files in the REVTeX 4 distribution.
%% Version 4.0 of REVTeX, August 2001
%%
%%
%% Copyright (c) 2001 The American Physical Society.
%%
%% See the REVTeX 4 README file for restrictions and more information.
%%
%
% This is a template for producing manuscripts for use with REVTEX 4.0
% Copy this file to another name and then work on that file.
% That way, you always have this original template file to use.
%
\documentclass[twocolumn,twoside]{revtex4}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % clear all fields
\fancyhead[C]{\it {
Flavor Physics and CP Violation Conference, Victoria BC, 2019
}} \fancyhead[RO,LE]{\thepage}
\fancyfoot{} % clear all fields
\fancyfoot[LE,LO]{}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt}
\renewcommand{\sfdefault}{phv}
\setlength{\textheight}{235mm}
\setlength{\textwidth}{170mm}
\setlength{\topmargin}{-20mm}
\bibliographystyle{apsrev}
% ************* Make changes after here ***************
\fancyfoot[LE,LO]{\bf Insert PSN Here, eg. MonB0900}
\begin{document}
%Title of paper
\title{LaTeX Template for FPCP 2019 Conference Proceedings}
% Repeat the \author .. \affiliation etc. as needed
%
% \affiliation command applies to all authors since the last
% \affiliation command. The \affiliation command should follow the
% other information
\author{R. V. Kowalewski\\
on behalf of the LOC}
\affiliation{University of Victoria, BC, Canada, V8N2X3}
%
\begin{abstract}
This document serves as a template for the proceedings of the FPCP~2019
conference.
Authors should prepare their papers using a copy and follow the
guidelines described here.
For optimum use, do not modify the page layout or styles.
\end{abstract}
%\maketitle must follow title, authors, abstract
\maketitle
\thispagestyle{fancy}
% body of paper here - Use proper section commands
% References should be done using the \cite, \ref, and \label commands
% Put \label in argument of \section for cross-referencing
%\section{\label{}}
\section{Introduction}
Proceedings of the Flavor Physics and CP Violation Conference 2019 (FPCP~2019)
will be made available at the Electronic Conference Proceedings
Archive~\cite{slaceconf}.
The purpose of this document is to guide the author and to provide a template
that maintains a uniform style for the proceedings; the next sections
will describe this in detail.
\section{Using this Template}
The first step to preparing the paper is to copy the %slac\_two.rtx file,
tar file available at the
FPCP~2019 web site~\cite{fpcpsiteproc}
for download as a template package into a new directory.
Next copy this template (fpcp2019template.tex) and rename it as you wish.
Edit the file to make the necessary modifications and save when finished.
Because this template has been set up to meet
requirements for conference proceedings papers, it is important to maintain
these established styles. Other editorial guidelines are described in the next section.
\section{Manuscript}
\subsection{Footers}
A PSN is a sequential number that incorporates meaningful information
about individual proceedings papers and makes it easier for authors
and editors to track papers. This unique PSN is constructed from the
timetable available in indico~\cite{fpcpindico}.
The PSN format is DDDRTTTT,
where DDD is the day (Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri,
R is the room (B for Bob Wright B150, E for Elliott 162) and
TTTT is the start time of the talk with the colon removed.
For example, Dr. Chris Hearty's talk in parallel session 2 on Thursday, May 9 has
PSN = ThuE1700.
The PSN should be placed in the footer of the paper.
\subsection{Text Layout}
There is no page limit for papers but conciseness is appreciated.
Avoid nestling more than three sub-levels in sections; also
the first character of section title key words should be
uppercase.
\subsection{Acronyms and Abbreviations}
Acronyms should be defined the first time they appear.
Abbreviations may be used for figures (Fig.), equations (Eq.)
or if they are commonly used in language (etc., e.g., i.e., v.s.).
However, when starting a sentence, abbreviations should not be used.
\subsection{Tables}
Tables may be one (e.g.~Table~\ref{example_table})
or two columns (e.g.~Table~\ref{example_table_2col})
in width with single border lines.
The caption should appear above the table and,
in the tex file, labels should be used to refer to tables.
% tables should appear as floats within the text
%
% Here is an example of the general form of a table:
% Fill in the caption in the braces of the \caption{} command. Put the label
% that you will use with \ref{} command in the braces of the \label{} command.
% Insert the column specifiers (l, r, c, d, etc.) in the empty braces of the
% \begin{tabular}{} command.
% The ruledtabular environment adds doubled rules to table and sets a
% reasonable default table settings.
% Use the table* environment to get a full-width table in two-column
% Add \usepackage{longtable} and the longtable (or longtable*}
% environment for nicely formatted long tables. Or use the the [H]
% placement option to break a long table (with less control than
% in longtable).
% \begin{table}%[H] add [H] placement to break table across pages
% \caption{\label{}}
% \begin{ruledtabular}
% \begin{tabular}{}
% Lines of table here ending with \\
% \end{tabular}
% \end{ruledtabular}
% \end{table}
% Surround table environment with turnpage environment for landscape
% table
% \begin{turnpage}
% \begin{table}
% \caption{\label{}}
% \begin{ruledtabular}
% \begin{tabular}{}
% \end{tabular}
% \end{ruledtabular}
% \end{table}
% \end{turnpage}
\begin{table}[h]
\begin{center}
\caption{Example of a Table.}
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|c|}
\hline \textbf{Margin} & \textbf{Dual} & \textbf{A4 Paper} &
\textbf{US Letter Paper}
\\
\hline Top & 7.6 mm & 37 mm & 19 mm \\
& (0.3 in) & (1.45 in) & (0.75 in) \\
\hline Bottom & 20 mm & 19 mm & 19 mm \\
& (0.79 in) & (0.75 in)& (0.75 in) \\
\hline Left & 20 mm & 20 mm & 20 mm \\
& (0.79 in) & (0.79 in) & (0.79 in) \\
\hline Right & 20 mm & 20 mm & 26 mm \\
& (0.79 in) & (0.79 in) & (1.0 in) \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\label{example_table}
\end{center}
\end{table}
\begin{table*}[t]
\begin{center}
\caption{Example of a Full Width Table.}
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|c|c|c|c||l|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline \textbf{H-Margin} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\textbf{Dual}} &
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{\textbf{A4}} &
\multicolumn{2}{c||}{\textbf{US Letter}} &
\textbf{V-Margins} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\textbf{Dual}} &
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{\textbf{A4}} &
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{\textbf{US Letter}} \\
\hline
Left & 20 mm & 0.79 in & 20 mm & 0.79 in & 20 mm & 0.79 in &
Top & 7.6 mm & 0.3 in & 37 mm & 1.45 in & 19 mm & 0.75 in \\
\hline
Right & 20 mm & 0.79 in & 20 mm & 0.79 in & 26 mm & 1.0 in &
Bottom & 20 mm & 0.79 in & 19 mm & 0.75 in & 19 mm & 0.75 in \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\label{example_table_2col}
\end{center}
\end{table*}
\subsection{Figures}
% figures should be put into the text as floats.
% Use the graphics or graphicx packages (distributed with LaTeX2e)
% and the \includegraphics macro defined in those packages.
% See the LaTeX Graphics Companion by Michel Goosens, Sebastian Rahtz,
% and Frank Mittelbach for instance.
%
% Here is an example of the general form of a figure:
% Fill in the caption in the braces of the \caption{} command. Put the label
% that you will use with \ref{} command in the braces of the \label{} command.
% Use the figure* environment if the figure should span across the
% entire page. There is no need to do explicit centering.
% \begin{figure}
% \includegraphics{}%
% \caption{\label{}}
% \end{figure}
% Surround figure environment with turnpage environment for landscape
% figure
% \begin{turnpage}
% \begin{figure}
% \includegraphics{}%
% \caption{\label{}}
% \end{figure}
% \end{turnpage}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=80mm]{figure1.pdf}
\caption{Example of a One-column Figure.} \label{example_figure}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure*}[t]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=135mm]{figure2.pdf}
\caption{Example of a Full Width Figure.} \label{example_figure_col2}
\end{figure*}
Figures may be one column (e.g.~Figure~\ref{example_figure})
or span the paper width (e.g.~Figure~\ref{example_figure_col2}).
Labels should be used to refer to the figures in the tex file.
The figure caption should appear below the figure.
Color figures are encouraged; however note that some colors, such as
pale yellow, will not be visible when printed.
Lettering in figures should be large enough to be visible.
Filenames of figures in the tex file should be numbered
consecutively, e.g. figure1.ps, figure2a.ps, figure2b.ps, figure3.ps, etc.
\subsection{Equations}
Equations may be displayed in several ways, as in Eq.~\ref{eq-xy}
\begin{equation}
x = y.
\label{eq-xy}
\end{equation}
The {\em eqnarray} environment may be used to
split equations into several lines or to align several equations,
for example in Eq.~\ref{eq-sp}
\begin{eqnarray}
T & = & Im[V_{11} {V_{12}}^* {V_{21}}^* V_{22}] \nonumber \\
& & + Im[V_{12} {V_{13}}^* {V_{22}}^* V_{23}] \nonumber \\
& & - Im[V_{33} {V_{31}}^* {V_{13}}^* V_{11}].
\label{eq-sp}
\end{eqnarray}
An alternative method is shown in Eq.~\ref{eq-spa} for long sets of
equations where only one referencing equation number is required.
Again, references should be to labels and not hard-coded equation numbers.
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{rcl}
\bf{K} & = & Im[V_{j, \alpha} {V_{j,\alpha + 1}}^*
{V_{j + 1,\alpha }}^* V_{j + 1, \alpha + 1} ] \\
& & + Im[V_{k, \alpha + 2} {V_{k,\alpha + 3}}^*
{V_{k + 1,\alpha + 2 }}^* V_{k + 1, \alpha + 3} ] \\
& & + Im[V_{j + 2, \beta} {V_{j + 2,\beta + 1}}^*
{V_{j + 3,\beta }}^* V_{j + 3, \beta + 1} ] \\
& & + Im[V_{k + 2, \beta + 2} {V_{k + 2,\beta + 3}}^*
{V_{k + 3,\beta + 2 }}^* V_{k + 3, \beta + 3}], \\
& & \\
\bf{M} & = & Im[{V_{j, \alpha}}^* V_{j,\alpha + 1}
V_{j + 1,\alpha } {V_{j + 1, \alpha + 1}}^* ] \\
& & + Im[V_{k, \alpha + 2} {V_{k,\alpha + 3}}^*
{V_{k + 1,\alpha + 2 }}^* V_{k + 1, \alpha + 3} ] \\
& & + Im[{V_{j + 2, \beta}}^* V_{j + 2,\beta + 1}
V_{j + 3,\beta } {V_{j + 3, \beta + 1}}^* ] \\
& & + Im[V_{k + 2, \beta + 2} {V_{k + 2,\beta + 3}}^*
{V_{k + 3,\beta + 2 }}^* V_{k + 3, \beta + 3}].
\\ & &
\end{array}\label{eq-spa}
\end{equation}
\subsection{Bibliography}
A frequent citation will perhaps be to the Review of Particle Properties~\cite{PDG2018}. The bibliography
is included at the bottom of this input file.
\subsection{Footnotes}
Footnotes should only be used in the body of the
paper and not placed after the list of authors, affiliations, or
in the abstract.
\section{Paper Submission}
Authors should submit their papers to the ePrint arXiv
server~\cite{arxivserver}
after verifying that it is processed correctly by the LaTeX processor.
Please submit the source code, the style files
(revsymb.sty, revtex4.cls) %, slac\_two.rtx)
and any figures;
these should be self-contained to generate the paper from source.
It is the author's responsibility to ensure that the papers are
generated correctly from the source code at the ePrint server.
After the paper is accepted by the ePrint server, please verify that
the layout in the resulting PDF file conforms to the guidelines
described in this document.
Finally, contact the local organizers of FPCP~2006 with the
ePrint number of the paper;
the deadline to do this is 15~May~2006.
% If you have acknowledgments, this puts in the proper section head.
%\bigskip % extra skip inserted
\begin{acknowledgments}
This document is adapted from the ``Instruction for producing FPCP2003
proceedings'' by P.~Perret
and from eConf templates~\cite{templates-ref}.
\end{acknowledgments}
\bigskip % extra skip inserted
% Create the reference section using BibTeX:
%\bibliography{basename of .bib file}
\begin{thebibliography}{9} % Use for 1-9 references
%\begin{thebibliography}{99} % Use for 10-99 references
\bibitem{slaceconf} http://www.slac.stanford.edu/econf/search.html
\bibitem{fpcpsiteproc} https://fpcp2019.triumf.ca/proceedings.html
\bibitem{fpcpindico} https://meetings.triumf.ca/indico/event/48/\\
timetable/\#all.detailed
\bibitem{PDG2018} M. Tanabashi {\em et al.} (Particle Data Group), Phys.~Rev.~D{\bf 98}, 030001 (2018).
\bibitem{arxivserver} http://arxiv.org/help
\bibitem{templates-ref} http://www.slac.stanford.edu/econf/editors/\\
eprint-template/instructions.html
\end{thebibliography}
\end{document}
%
% ****** End of file template.aps ******